![\"jwt](\"https:\/\/cl-wpml.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/25160539\/jwt-la-gi.png\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nJwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\nJWT, hay JSON Web Token, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa hai b\u00ean – th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 client, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i k\u00fd t\u1ef1. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 JWT kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t string, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. JWT cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u00ean server \u2014 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 server kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp hay ch\u01b0a. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang trong token v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp qua m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nM\u1ed9t JWT bao g\u1ed3m ba ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh: header, payload v\u00e0 signature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Header<\/strong>: Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a JWT ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Payload<\/strong>: Ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Signature<\/strong>: Ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p header v\u00e0 payload v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t secret key th\u00f4ng qua thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nJWT mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/strong>: Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef phi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 microservices c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/strong>: Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Json web token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nKh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m json web token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> n\u1eb1m trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. JWT s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a JSON Web Token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nJWT c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean bi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- M\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong>: D\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong JWT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u00f3a b\u00ed m\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9i dung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7<\/strong>: V\u1edbi signature, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: JWT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a JSON Web Token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNg\u00e0y nay, JWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- API RESTful<\/strong>: N\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb client \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Gi\u00fap x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng API t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng microservice<\/strong>: Cho ph\u00e9p giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c service m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a JWT. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn JWT, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn “token” nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\nQuy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT token v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 cho client. Client sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u01b0u tr\u1eef token n\u00e0y (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong localStorage ho\u1eb7c sessionStorage) v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- G\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: M\u1ed7i khi client g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn server, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m token trong header c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Server s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra token v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu token h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, server s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mong mu\u1ed1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 token ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean ph\u00eda client ho\u1eb7c server \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin trong token.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh decode JWT kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 JavaScript, Python \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 JWT. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m decode v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n header v\u00e0 payload ra kh\u1ecfi token r\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Base64 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a token<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, h\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng token v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra signature<\/strong>: Sau khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra signature \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/strong>: H\u00e3y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong payload c\u1ee7a token, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 token.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Iat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nIat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong payload c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. IAT l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a “issued at”, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng claim ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a iat trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng iat gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi gian<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem token \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n hay ch\u01b0a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1eefa, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, iat th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 claim kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 exp (th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n), \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd token<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra iat v\u00e0 exp, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu token \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 ra sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Passport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nPassport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport.js – m\u1ed9t middleware cho Node.js, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Passport h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Passport JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport JWT, quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn server. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho client.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo, client s\u1ebd g\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo. Passport s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong>: V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a Passport, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi JWT ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i d\u00f2ng m\u00e3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>: Ngo\u00e0i JWT, Passport c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn<\/strong>: Passport c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot, m\u1ed9t framework ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThi\u1ebft l\u1eadp JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p JWT v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Th\u00eam th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c dependency ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o file pom.xml.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u1ea1o l\u1edbp filter<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp filter t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token trong m\u1ed7i request.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token cho h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao<\/strong>: JWT gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin phi\u00ean tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi JWT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Refresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nRefresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRefresh token th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi access token. Access token l\u00e0 token ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, trong khi refresh token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi khi access token c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t refresh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 access token v\u00e0 refresh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u access token m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, client c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi refresh token \u0111\u1ebfn server \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: Refresh token c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: Thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed7i khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, refresh token cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Claim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nClaim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00fang v\u00e0o token, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: registered claims, public claims, v\u00e0 private claims.<\/p>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong JWT, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- iss<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- exp<\/strong>: Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- sub<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a token, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng claim n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Public claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPublic claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t claim t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201crole\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o public claims, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c claim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Private claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPrivate claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp private claims \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc chung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: Private claims gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 JWT m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 JWT. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\nXu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cloud<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 AWS, Google Cloud \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JWT cho x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Startup v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u startup c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xung quanh JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn xung quanh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong>: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 JWT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c JWT. Secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd cho token, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\nVai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a secret key trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nSecret key \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o JWT, secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token<\/strong>: Khi nh\u1eadn token, server s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eef k\u00fd kh\u1edbp, token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
An to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 jwt secret key<\/strong> l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb secret key<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n n\u00ean gi\u1eef k\u00edn secret key v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i secret key \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c token t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: L\u01b0u tr\u1eef secret key trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt thay v\u00ec trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb l\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 Spring Boot hay v\u1edbi c\u00e1c middleware nh\u01b0 Passport.js c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 JSON Web Token v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ng\u00e0y nay. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":9109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-van-nghe-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9087"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9110,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions\/9110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
JWT, hay JSON Web Token, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa hai b\u00ean – th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 client, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i k\u00fd t\u1ef1. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 JWT kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t string, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. JWT cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u00ean server \u2014 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 server kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp hay ch\u01b0a. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang trong token v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp qua m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nM\u1ed9t JWT bao g\u1ed3m ba ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh: header, payload v\u00e0 signature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Header<\/strong>: Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a JWT ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Payload<\/strong>: Ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Signature<\/strong>: Ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p header v\u00e0 payload v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t secret key th\u00f4ng qua thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nJWT mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/strong>: Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef phi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 microservices c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/strong>: Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Json web token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nKh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m json web token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> n\u1eb1m trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. JWT s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a JSON Web Token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nJWT c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean bi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- M\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong>: D\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong JWT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u00f3a b\u00ed m\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9i dung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7<\/strong>: V\u1edbi signature, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: JWT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a JSON Web Token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNg\u00e0y nay, JWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- API RESTful<\/strong>: N\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb client \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Gi\u00fap x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng API t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng microservice<\/strong>: Cho ph\u00e9p giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c service m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a JWT. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn JWT, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn “token” nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\nQuy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT token v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 cho client. Client sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u01b0u tr\u1eef token n\u00e0y (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong localStorage ho\u1eb7c sessionStorage) v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- G\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: M\u1ed7i khi client g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn server, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m token trong header c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Server s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra token v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu token h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, server s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mong mu\u1ed1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 token ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean ph\u00eda client ho\u1eb7c server \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin trong token.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh decode JWT kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 JavaScript, Python \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 JWT. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m decode v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n header v\u00e0 payload ra kh\u1ecfi token r\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Base64 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a token<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, h\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng token v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra signature<\/strong>: Sau khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra signature \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/strong>: H\u00e3y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong payload c\u1ee7a token, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 token.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Iat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nIat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong payload c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. IAT l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a “issued at”, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng claim ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a iat trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng iat gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi gian<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem token \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n hay ch\u01b0a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1eefa, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, iat th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 claim kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 exp (th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n), \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd token<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra iat v\u00e0 exp, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu token \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 ra sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Passport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nPassport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport.js – m\u1ed9t middleware cho Node.js, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Passport h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Passport JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport JWT, quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn server. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho client.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo, client s\u1ebd g\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo. Passport s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong>: V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a Passport, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi JWT ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i d\u00f2ng m\u00e3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>: Ngo\u00e0i JWT, Passport c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn<\/strong>: Passport c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot, m\u1ed9t framework ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThi\u1ebft l\u1eadp JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p JWT v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Th\u00eam th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c dependency ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o file pom.xml.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u1ea1o l\u1edbp filter<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp filter t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token trong m\u1ed7i request.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token cho h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao<\/strong>: JWT gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin phi\u00ean tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi JWT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Refresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nRefresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRefresh token th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi access token. Access token l\u00e0 token ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, trong khi refresh token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi khi access token c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t refresh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 access token v\u00e0 refresh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u access token m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, client c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi refresh token \u0111\u1ebfn server \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: Refresh token c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: Thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed7i khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, refresh token cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Claim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nClaim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00fang v\u00e0o token, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: registered claims, public claims, v\u00e0 private claims.<\/p>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong JWT, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- iss<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- exp<\/strong>: Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- sub<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a token, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng claim n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Public claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPublic claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t claim t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201crole\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o public claims, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c claim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Private claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPrivate claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp private claims \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc chung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: Private claims gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 JWT m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 JWT. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\nXu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cloud<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 AWS, Google Cloud \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JWT cho x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Startup v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u startup c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xung quanh JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn xung quanh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong>: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 JWT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c JWT. Secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd cho token, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\nVai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a secret key trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nSecret key \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o JWT, secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token<\/strong>: Khi nh\u1eadn token, server s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eef k\u00fd kh\u1edbp, token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
An to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 jwt secret key<\/strong> l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb secret key<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n n\u00ean gi\u1eef k\u00edn secret key v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i secret key \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c token t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: L\u01b0u tr\u1eef secret key trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt thay v\u00ec trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb l\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 Spring Boot hay v\u1edbi c\u00e1c middleware nh\u01b0 Passport.js c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 JSON Web Token v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ng\u00e0y nay. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":9109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-van-nghe-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9087"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9110,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions\/9110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nJWT mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/strong>: Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef phi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 microservices c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/strong>: Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Json web token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nKh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m json web token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> n\u1eb1m trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. JWT s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a JSON Web Token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nJWT c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean bi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- M\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong>: D\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong JWT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u00f3a b\u00ed m\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9i dung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7<\/strong>: V\u1edbi signature, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: JWT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a JSON Web Token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNg\u00e0y nay, JWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- API RESTful<\/strong>: N\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb client \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Gi\u00fap x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng API t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng microservice<\/strong>: Cho ph\u00e9p giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c service m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a JWT. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn JWT, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn “token” nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\nQuy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT token v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 cho client. Client sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u01b0u tr\u1eef token n\u00e0y (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong localStorage ho\u1eb7c sessionStorage) v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- G\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: M\u1ed7i khi client g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn server, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m token trong header c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Server s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra token v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu token h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, server s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mong mu\u1ed1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 token ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean ph\u00eda client ho\u1eb7c server \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin trong token.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh decode JWT kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 JavaScript, Python \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 JWT. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m decode v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n header v\u00e0 payload ra kh\u1ecfi token r\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Base64 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a token<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, h\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng token v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra signature<\/strong>: Sau khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra signature \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/strong>: H\u00e3y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong payload c\u1ee7a token, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 token.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Iat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nIat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong payload c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. IAT l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a “issued at”, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng claim ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a iat trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng iat gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi gian<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem token \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n hay ch\u01b0a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1eefa, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, iat th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 claim kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 exp (th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n), \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd token<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra iat v\u00e0 exp, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu token \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 ra sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Passport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nPassport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport.js – m\u1ed9t middleware cho Node.js, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Passport h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Passport JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport JWT, quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn server. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho client.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo, client s\u1ebd g\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo. Passport s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong>: V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a Passport, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi JWT ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i d\u00f2ng m\u00e3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>: Ngo\u00e0i JWT, Passport c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn<\/strong>: Passport c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot, m\u1ed9t framework ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThi\u1ebft l\u1eadp JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p JWT v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Th\u00eam th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c dependency ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o file pom.xml.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u1ea1o l\u1edbp filter<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp filter t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token trong m\u1ed7i request.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token cho h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao<\/strong>: JWT gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin phi\u00ean tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi JWT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Refresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nRefresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRefresh token th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi access token. Access token l\u00e0 token ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, trong khi refresh token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi khi access token c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t refresh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 access token v\u00e0 refresh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u access token m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, client c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi refresh token \u0111\u1ebfn server \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: Refresh token c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: Thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed7i khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, refresh token cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Claim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nClaim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00fang v\u00e0o token, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: registered claims, public claims, v\u00e0 private claims.<\/p>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong JWT, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- iss<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- exp<\/strong>: Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- sub<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a token, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng claim n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Public claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPublic claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t claim t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201crole\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o public claims, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c claim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Private claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPrivate claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp private claims \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc chung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: Private claims gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 JWT m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 JWT. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\nXu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cloud<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 AWS, Google Cloud \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JWT cho x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Startup v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u startup c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xung quanh JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn xung quanh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong>: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 JWT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c JWT. Secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd cho token, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\nVai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a secret key trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nSecret key \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o JWT, secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token<\/strong>: Khi nh\u1eadn token, server s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eef k\u00fd kh\u1edbp, token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
An to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 jwt secret key<\/strong> l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb secret key<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n n\u00ean gi\u1eef k\u00edn secret key v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i secret key \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c token t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: L\u01b0u tr\u1eef secret key trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt thay v\u00ec trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb l\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 Spring Boot hay v\u1edbi c\u00e1c middleware nh\u01b0 Passport.js c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 JSON Web Token v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ng\u00e0y nay. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":9109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-van-nghe-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9087"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9110,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions\/9110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Json web token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nKh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m json web token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> n\u1eb1m trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. JWT s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a JSON Web Token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nJWT c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean bi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- M\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong>: D\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong JWT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u00f3a b\u00ed m\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9i dung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7<\/strong>: V\u1edbi signature, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: JWT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a JSON Web Token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNg\u00e0y nay, JWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- API RESTful<\/strong>: N\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb client \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Gi\u00fap x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng API t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng microservice<\/strong>: Cho ph\u00e9p giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c service m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a JWT. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn JWT, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn “token” nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\nQuy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT token v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 cho client. Client sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u01b0u tr\u1eef token n\u00e0y (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong localStorage ho\u1eb7c sessionStorage) v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- G\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: M\u1ed7i khi client g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn server, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m token trong header c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Server s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra token v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu token h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, server s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mong mu\u1ed1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 token ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean ph\u00eda client ho\u1eb7c server \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin trong token.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh decode JWT kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 JavaScript, Python \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 JWT. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m decode v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n header v\u00e0 payload ra kh\u1ecfi token r\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Base64 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a token<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, h\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng token v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra signature<\/strong>: Sau khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra signature \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/strong>: H\u00e3y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong payload c\u1ee7a token, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 token.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Iat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nIat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong payload c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. IAT l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a “issued at”, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng claim ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a iat trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng iat gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi gian<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem token \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n hay ch\u01b0a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1eefa, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, iat th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 claim kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 exp (th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n), \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd token<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra iat v\u00e0 exp, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu token \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 ra sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Passport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nPassport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport.js – m\u1ed9t middleware cho Node.js, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Passport h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Passport JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport JWT, quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn server. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho client.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo, client s\u1ebd g\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo. Passport s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong>: V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a Passport, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi JWT ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i d\u00f2ng m\u00e3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>: Ngo\u00e0i JWT, Passport c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn<\/strong>: Passport c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot, m\u1ed9t framework ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThi\u1ebft l\u1eadp JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p JWT v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Th\u00eam th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c dependency ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o file pom.xml.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u1ea1o l\u1edbp filter<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp filter t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token trong m\u1ed7i request.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token cho h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao<\/strong>: JWT gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin phi\u00ean tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi JWT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Refresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nRefresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRefresh token th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi access token. Access token l\u00e0 token ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, trong khi refresh token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi khi access token c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t refresh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 access token v\u00e0 refresh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u access token m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, client c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi refresh token \u0111\u1ebfn server \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: Refresh token c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: Thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed7i khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, refresh token cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Claim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nClaim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00fang v\u00e0o token, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: registered claims, public claims, v\u00e0 private claims.<\/p>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong JWT, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- iss<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- exp<\/strong>: Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- sub<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a token, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng claim n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Public claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPublic claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t claim t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201crole\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o public claims, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c claim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Private claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPrivate claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp private claims \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc chung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: Private claims gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 JWT m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 JWT. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\nXu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cloud<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 AWS, Google Cloud \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JWT cho x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Startup v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u startup c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xung quanh JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn xung quanh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong>: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 JWT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c JWT. Secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd cho token, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\nVai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a secret key trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nSecret key \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o JWT, secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token<\/strong>: Khi nh\u1eadn token, server s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eef k\u00fd kh\u1edbp, token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
An to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 jwt secret key<\/strong> l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb secret key<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n n\u00ean gi\u1eef k\u00edn secret key v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i secret key \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c token t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: L\u01b0u tr\u1eef secret key trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt thay v\u00ec trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb l\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 Spring Boot hay v\u1edbi c\u00e1c middleware nh\u01b0 Passport.js c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 JSON Web Token v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ng\u00e0y nay. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":9109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-van-nghe-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9087"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9110,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions\/9110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a JSON Web Token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nJWT c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean bi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- M\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong>: D\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong JWT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u00f3a b\u00ed m\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9i dung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7<\/strong>: V\u1edbi signature, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: JWT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a JSON Web Token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNg\u00e0y nay, JWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- API RESTful<\/strong>: N\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb client \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Gi\u00fap x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng API t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng microservice<\/strong>: Cho ph\u00e9p giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c service m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a JWT. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn JWT, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn “token” nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\nQuy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT token v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 cho client. Client sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u01b0u tr\u1eef token n\u00e0y (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong localStorage ho\u1eb7c sessionStorage) v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- G\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: M\u1ed7i khi client g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn server, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m token trong header c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Server s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra token v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu token h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, server s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mong mu\u1ed1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 token ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean ph\u00eda client ho\u1eb7c server \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin trong token.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh decode JWT kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 JavaScript, Python \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 JWT. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m decode v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n header v\u00e0 payload ra kh\u1ecfi token r\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Base64 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a token<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, h\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng token v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra signature<\/strong>: Sau khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra signature \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/strong>: H\u00e3y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong payload c\u1ee7a token, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 token.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Iat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nIat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong payload c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. IAT l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a “issued at”, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng claim ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a iat trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng iat gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi gian<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem token \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n hay ch\u01b0a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1eefa, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, iat th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 claim kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 exp (th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n), \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd token<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra iat v\u00e0 exp, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu token \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 ra sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Passport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nPassport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport.js – m\u1ed9t middleware cho Node.js, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Passport h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Passport JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport JWT, quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn server. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho client.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo, client s\u1ebd g\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo. Passport s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong>: V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a Passport, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi JWT ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i d\u00f2ng m\u00e3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>: Ngo\u00e0i JWT, Passport c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn<\/strong>: Passport c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot, m\u1ed9t framework ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThi\u1ebft l\u1eadp JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p JWT v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Th\u00eam th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c dependency ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o file pom.xml.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u1ea1o l\u1edbp filter<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp filter t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token trong m\u1ed7i request.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token cho h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao<\/strong>: JWT gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin phi\u00ean tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi JWT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Refresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nRefresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRefresh token th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi access token. Access token l\u00e0 token ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, trong khi refresh token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi khi access token c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t refresh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 access token v\u00e0 refresh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u access token m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, client c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi refresh token \u0111\u1ebfn server \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: Refresh token c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: Thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed7i khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, refresh token cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Claim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nClaim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00fang v\u00e0o token, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: registered claims, public claims, v\u00e0 private claims.<\/p>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong JWT, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- iss<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- exp<\/strong>: Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- sub<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a token, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng claim n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Public claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPublic claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t claim t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201crole\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o public claims, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c claim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Private claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPrivate claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp private claims \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc chung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: Private claims gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 JWT m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 JWT. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\nXu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cloud<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 AWS, Google Cloud \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JWT cho x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Startup v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u startup c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xung quanh JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn xung quanh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong>: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 JWT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c JWT. Secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd cho token, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\nVai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a secret key trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nSecret key \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o JWT, secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token<\/strong>: Khi nh\u1eadn token, server s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eef k\u00fd kh\u1edbp, token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
An to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 jwt secret key<\/strong> l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb secret key<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n n\u00ean gi\u1eef k\u00edn secret key v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i secret key \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c token t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: L\u01b0u tr\u1eef secret key trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt thay v\u00ec trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb l\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 Spring Boot hay v\u1edbi c\u00e1c middleware nh\u01b0 Passport.js c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 JSON Web Token v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ng\u00e0y nay. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":9109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-van-nghe-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9087"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9110,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions\/9110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a JSON Web Token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNg\u00e0y nay, JWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- API RESTful<\/strong>: N\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb client \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Gi\u00fap x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng API t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng microservice<\/strong>: Cho ph\u00e9p giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c service m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a JWT. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn JWT, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn “token” nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\nQuy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT token v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 cho client. Client sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u01b0u tr\u1eef token n\u00e0y (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong localStorage ho\u1eb7c sessionStorage) v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- G\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: M\u1ed7i khi client g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn server, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m token trong header c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Server s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra token v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu token h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, server s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mong mu\u1ed1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 token ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean ph\u00eda client ho\u1eb7c server \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin trong token.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh decode JWT kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 JavaScript, Python \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 JWT. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m decode v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n header v\u00e0 payload ra kh\u1ecfi token r\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Base64 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a token<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, h\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng token v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra signature<\/strong>: Sau khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra signature \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/strong>: H\u00e3y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong payload c\u1ee7a token, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 token.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Iat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nIat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong payload c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. IAT l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a “issued at”, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng claim ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a iat trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng iat gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi gian<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem token \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n hay ch\u01b0a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1eefa, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, iat th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 claim kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 exp (th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n), \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd token<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra iat v\u00e0 exp, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu token \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 ra sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Passport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nPassport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport.js – m\u1ed9t middleware cho Node.js, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Passport h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Passport JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport JWT, quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn server. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho client.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo, client s\u1ebd g\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo. Passport s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong>: V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a Passport, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi JWT ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i d\u00f2ng m\u00e3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>: Ngo\u00e0i JWT, Passport c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn<\/strong>: Passport c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot, m\u1ed9t framework ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThi\u1ebft l\u1eadp JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p JWT v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Th\u00eam th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c dependency ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o file pom.xml.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u1ea1o l\u1edbp filter<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp filter t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token trong m\u1ed7i request.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token cho h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao<\/strong>: JWT gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin phi\u00ean tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi JWT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Refresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nRefresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRefresh token th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi access token. Access token l\u00e0 token ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, trong khi refresh token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi khi access token c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t refresh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 access token v\u00e0 refresh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u access token m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, client c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi refresh token \u0111\u1ebfn server \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: Refresh token c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: Thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed7i khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, refresh token cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Claim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nClaim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00fang v\u00e0o token, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: registered claims, public claims, v\u00e0 private claims.<\/p>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong JWT, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- iss<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- exp<\/strong>: Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- sub<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a token, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng claim n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Public claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPublic claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t claim t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201crole\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o public claims, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c claim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Private claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPrivate claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp private claims \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc chung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: Private claims gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 JWT m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 JWT. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\nXu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cloud<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 AWS, Google Cloud \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JWT cho x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Startup v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u startup c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xung quanh JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn xung quanh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong>: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 JWT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c JWT. Secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd cho token, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\nVai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a secret key trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nSecret key \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o JWT, secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token<\/strong>: Khi nh\u1eadn token, server s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eef k\u00fd kh\u1edbp, token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
An to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 jwt secret key<\/strong> l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb secret key<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n n\u00ean gi\u1eef k\u00edn secret key v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i secret key \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c token t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: L\u01b0u tr\u1eef secret key trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt thay v\u00ec trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb l\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 Spring Boot hay v\u1edbi c\u00e1c middleware nh\u01b0 Passport.js c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 JSON Web Token v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ng\u00e0y nay. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":9109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-van-nghe-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9087"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9110,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions\/9110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Jwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt token l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a JWT. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn JWT, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn “token” nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\nQuy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT token v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 cho client. Client sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u01b0u tr\u1eef token n\u00e0y (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong localStorage ho\u1eb7c sessionStorage) v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- G\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: M\u1ed7i khi client g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn server, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m token trong header c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Server s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra token v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu token h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, server s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mong mu\u1ed1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 token ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean ph\u00eda client ho\u1eb7c server \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin trong token.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh decode JWT kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 JavaScript, Python \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 JWT. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m decode v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n header v\u00e0 payload ra kh\u1ecfi token r\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Base64 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a token<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, h\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng token v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra signature<\/strong>: Sau khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra signature \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/strong>: H\u00e3y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong payload c\u1ee7a token, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 token.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Iat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nIat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong payload c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. IAT l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a “issued at”, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng claim ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a iat trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng iat gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi gian<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem token \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n hay ch\u01b0a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1eefa, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, iat th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 claim kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 exp (th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n), \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd token<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra iat v\u00e0 exp, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu token \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 ra sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Passport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nPassport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport.js – m\u1ed9t middleware cho Node.js, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Passport h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Passport JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport JWT, quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn server. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho client.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo, client s\u1ebd g\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo. Passport s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong>: V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a Passport, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi JWT ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i d\u00f2ng m\u00e3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>: Ngo\u00e0i JWT, Passport c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn<\/strong>: Passport c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot, m\u1ed9t framework ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThi\u1ebft l\u1eadp JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p JWT v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Th\u00eam th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c dependency ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o file pom.xml.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u1ea1o l\u1edbp filter<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp filter t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token trong m\u1ed7i request.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token cho h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao<\/strong>: JWT gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin phi\u00ean tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi JWT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Refresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nRefresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRefresh token th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi access token. Access token l\u00e0 token ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, trong khi refresh token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi khi access token c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t refresh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 access token v\u00e0 refresh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u access token m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, client c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi refresh token \u0111\u1ebfn server \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: Refresh token c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: Thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed7i khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, refresh token cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Claim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nClaim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00fang v\u00e0o token, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: registered claims, public claims, v\u00e0 private claims.<\/p>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong JWT, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- iss<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- exp<\/strong>: Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- sub<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a token, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng claim n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Public claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPublic claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t claim t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201crole\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o public claims, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c claim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Private claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPrivate claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp private claims \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc chung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: Private claims gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 JWT m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 JWT. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\nXu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cloud<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 AWS, Google Cloud \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JWT cho x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Startup v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u startup c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xung quanh JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn xung quanh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong>: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 JWT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c JWT. Secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd cho token, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\nVai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a secret key trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nSecret key \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o JWT, secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token<\/strong>: Khi nh\u1eadn token, server s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eef k\u00fd kh\u1edbp, token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
An to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 jwt secret key<\/strong> l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb secret key<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n n\u00ean gi\u1eef k\u00edn secret key v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i secret key \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c token t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: L\u01b0u tr\u1eef secret key trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt thay v\u00ec trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb l\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 Spring Boot hay v\u1edbi c\u00e1c middleware nh\u01b0 Passport.js c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 JSON Web Token v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ng\u00e0y nay. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":9109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-van-nghe-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9087"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9110,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions\/9110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT token v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 cho client. Client sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u01b0u tr\u1eef token n\u00e0y (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong localStorage ho\u1eb7c sessionStorage) v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- G\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: M\u1ed7i khi client g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn server, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m token trong header c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Server s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra token v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu token h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, server s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mong mu\u1ed1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 token ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean ph\u00eda client ho\u1eb7c server \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin trong token.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh decode JWT kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 JavaScript, Python \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 JWT. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m decode v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n header v\u00e0 payload ra kh\u1ecfi token r\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Base64 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a token<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, h\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng token v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra signature<\/strong>: Sau khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra signature \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/strong>: H\u00e3y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong payload c\u1ee7a token, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 token.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Iat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nIat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong payload c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. IAT l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a “issued at”, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng claim ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a iat trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng iat gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi gian<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem token \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n hay ch\u01b0a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1eefa, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, iat th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 claim kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 exp (th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n), \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd token<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra iat v\u00e0 exp, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu token \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 ra sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Passport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nPassport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport.js – m\u1ed9t middleware cho Node.js, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Passport h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Passport JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport JWT, quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn server. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho client.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo, client s\u1ebd g\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo. Passport s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong>: V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a Passport, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi JWT ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i d\u00f2ng m\u00e3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>: Ngo\u00e0i JWT, Passport c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn<\/strong>: Passport c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot, m\u1ed9t framework ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThi\u1ebft l\u1eadp JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p JWT v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Th\u00eam th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c dependency ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o file pom.xml.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u1ea1o l\u1edbp filter<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp filter t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token trong m\u1ed7i request.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token cho h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao<\/strong>: JWT gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin phi\u00ean tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi JWT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Refresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nRefresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRefresh token th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi access token. Access token l\u00e0 token ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, trong khi refresh token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi khi access token c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t refresh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 access token v\u00e0 refresh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u access token m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, client c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi refresh token \u0111\u1ebfn server \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: Refresh token c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: Thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed7i khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, refresh token cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Claim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nClaim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00fang v\u00e0o token, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: registered claims, public claims, v\u00e0 private claims.<\/p>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong JWT, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- iss<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- exp<\/strong>: Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- sub<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a token, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng claim n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Public claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPublic claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t claim t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201crole\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o public claims, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c claim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Private claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPrivate claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp private claims \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc chung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: Private claims gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 JWT m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 JWT. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\nXu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cloud<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 AWS, Google Cloud \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JWT cho x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Startup v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u startup c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xung quanh JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn xung quanh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong>: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 JWT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c JWT. Secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd cho token, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\nVai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a secret key trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nSecret key \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o JWT, secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token<\/strong>: Khi nh\u1eadn token, server s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eef k\u00fd kh\u1edbp, token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
An to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 jwt secret key<\/strong> l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb secret key<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n n\u00ean gi\u1eef k\u00edn secret key v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i secret key \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c token t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: L\u01b0u tr\u1eef secret key trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt thay v\u00ec trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb l\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 Spring Boot hay v\u1edbi c\u00e1c middleware nh\u01b0 Passport.js c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 JSON Web Token v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ng\u00e0y nay. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":9109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-van-nghe-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9087"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9110,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions\/9110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jwt token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 token ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean ph\u00eda client ho\u1eb7c server \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin trong token.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh decode JWT kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 JavaScript, Python \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 JWT. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m decode v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n header v\u00e0 payload ra kh\u1ecfi token r\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Base64 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a token<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, h\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng token v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra signature<\/strong>: Sau khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra signature \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/strong>: H\u00e3y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong payload c\u1ee7a token, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 token.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Iat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nIat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong payload c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. IAT l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a “issued at”, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng claim ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a iat trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng iat gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi gian<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem token \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n hay ch\u01b0a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1eefa, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nTrong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, iat th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 claim kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 exp (th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n), \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd token<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra iat v\u00e0 exp, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu token \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 ra sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Passport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nPassport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport.js – m\u1ed9t middleware cho Node.js, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Passport h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Passport JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nKhi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport JWT, quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn server. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho client.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo, client s\u1ebd g\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo. Passport s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong>: V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a Passport, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi JWT ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i d\u00f2ng m\u00e3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>: Ngo\u00e0i JWT, Passport c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn<\/strong>: Passport c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot, m\u1ed9t framework ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThi\u1ebft l\u1eadp JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p JWT v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Th\u00eam th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c dependency ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o file pom.xml.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u1ea1o l\u1edbp filter<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp filter t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token trong m\u1ed7i request.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token cho h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao<\/strong>: JWT gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin phi\u00ean tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi JWT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Refresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nRefresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRefresh token th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi access token. Access token l\u00e0 token ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, trong khi refresh token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi khi access token c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t refresh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 access token v\u00e0 refresh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u access token m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, client c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi refresh token \u0111\u1ebfn server \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: Refresh token c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: Thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed7i khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, refresh token cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Claim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nClaim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00fang v\u00e0o token, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: registered claims, public claims, v\u00e0 private claims.<\/p>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nRegistered claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong JWT, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- iss<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- exp<\/strong>: Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- sub<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a token, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng claim n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Public claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPublic claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t claim t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201crole\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o public claims, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c claim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Private claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nPrivate claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp private claims \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc chung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: Private claims gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 JWT m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 JWT. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\nXu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cloud<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 AWS, Google Cloud \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JWT cho x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Startup v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u startup c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xung quanh JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn xung quanh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong>: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 JWT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c JWT. Secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd cho token, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\nVai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a secret key trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nSecret key \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- T\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o JWT, secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token<\/strong>: Khi nh\u1eadn token, server s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eef k\u00fd kh\u1edbp, token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
An to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\nVi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 jwt secret key<\/strong> l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- Kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb secret key<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n n\u00ean gi\u1eef k\u00edn secret key v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i secret key \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c token t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: L\u01b0u tr\u1eef secret key trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt thay v\u00ec trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb l\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nJWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 Spring Boot hay v\u1edbi c\u00e1c middleware nh\u01b0 Passport.js c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 JSON Web Token v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ng\u00e0y nay. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":9109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-van-nghe-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9087"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9110,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions\/9110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
- \n
- Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Jwt decode l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 token ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean ph\u00eda client ho\u1eb7c server \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin trong token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh decode JWT kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 JavaScript, Python \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 JWT. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m decode v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n header v\u00e0 payload ra kh\u1ecfi token r\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Base64 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi decode JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a token<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, h\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng token v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra signature<\/strong>: Sau khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra signature \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/strong>: H\u00e3y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong payload c\u1ee7a token, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 token.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Iat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Iat jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong payload c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. IAT l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a “issued at”, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng claim ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a iat trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng iat gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- Theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi gian<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem token \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n hay ch\u01b0a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1eefa, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, iat th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 claim kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 exp (th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n), \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd token<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra iat v\u00e0 exp, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a token v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu token \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 ra sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Passport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Passport jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport.js – m\u1ed9t middleware cho Node.js, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Passport h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 JWT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Passport JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport JWT, quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn server. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang, server s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t JWT v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho client.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo, client s\u1ebd g\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo. Passport s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Passport v\u1edbi JWT<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong>: V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a Passport, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi JWT ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i d\u00f2ng m\u00e3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>: Ngo\u00e0i JWT, Passport c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn<\/strong>: Passport c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Jwt spring boot l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot, m\u1ed9t framework ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p JWT v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- Th\u00eam th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c dependency ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o file pom.xml.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u1ea1o l\u1edbp filter<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp filter t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token trong m\u1ed7i request.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token cho h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong Spring Boot<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao<\/strong>: JWT gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Spring Boot b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin phi\u00ean tr\u00ean server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi JWT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Refresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Refresh token jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Refresh token th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi access token. Access token l\u00e0 token ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, trong khi refresh token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi khi access token c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- C\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t refresh token<\/strong>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, server s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 access token v\u00e0 refresh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u access token m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, client c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi refresh token \u0111\u1ebfn server \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng refresh token<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: Refresh token c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: Thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed7i khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, refresh token cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Claim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Claim trong jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00fang v\u00e0o token, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: registered claims, public claims, v\u00e0 private claims.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Registered claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Registered claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong JWT, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- iss<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- exp<\/strong>: Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- sub<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a token, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng claim n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Public claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Public claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t claim t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201crole\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o public claims, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c claim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Private claims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Private claims l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng claim ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp private claims \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc chung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: Private claims gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Jwt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 JWT m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 JWT. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cloud<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 AWS, Google Cloud \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JWT cho x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Startup v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u startup c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xung quanh JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a JWT, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn xung quanh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong>: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 JWT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Jwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Jwt secret key l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c JWT. Secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd cho token, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a secret key trong JWT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Secret key \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 token.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- T\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o JWT, secret key \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token<\/strong>: Khi nh\u1eadn token, server s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eef k\u00fd kh\u1edbp, token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
An to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 jwt secret key<\/strong> l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- Kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb secret key<\/strong>: B\u1ea1n n\u00ean gi\u1eef k\u00edn secret key v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i secret key \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c token t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: L\u01b0u tr\u1eef secret key trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt thay v\u00ec trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb l\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
JWT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 Spring Boot hay v\u1edbi c\u00e1c middleware nh\u01b0 Passport.js c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 JSON Web Token v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jwt l\u00e0 g\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ng\u00e0y nay. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":9109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-van-nghe-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9087"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9110,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9087\/revisions\/9110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
- Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i secret key \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c token t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token<\/strong>: Khi nh\u1eadn token, server s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng secret key \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eef k\u00fd kh\u1edbp, token \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JWT trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- Startup v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec1u startup c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng JWT trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- Chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/strong>: Private claims gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/strong>: Khi t\u1ea1o public claims, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c claim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- exp<\/strong>: Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: Refresh token c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u access token m\u1edbi<\/strong>: Khi access token h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, client c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi refresh token \u0111\u1ebfn server \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t access token m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Spring Boot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua token.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- T\u1ea1o l\u1edbp filter<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp filter t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c token trong m\u1ed7i request.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>: Ngo\u00e0i JWT, Passport c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: Trong m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo, client s\u1ebd g\u1eedi token k\u00e8m theo. Passport s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 ra sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng iat gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t token \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1eefa, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra signature<\/strong>: Sau khi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra signature \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng token kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n header v\u00e0 payload ra kh\u1ecfi token r\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Base64 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng JSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n