{"id":18751,"date":"2026-04-28T15:06:37","date_gmt":"2026-04-28T08:06:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/?p=18751"},"modified":"2026-05-28T15:29:01","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T08:29:01","slug":"cau-hoi-phong-van-nhan-vien-xuat-nhap-khau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/phong-van-viec-lam\/cau-hoi-phong-van-nhan-vien-xuat-nhap-khau","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed5ng H\u1ee3p C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi Ph\u1ecfng V\u1ea5n Nh\u00e2n Vi\u00ean Xu\u1ea5t Nh\u1eadp Kh\u1ea9u Th\u01b0\u1eddng G\u1eb7p Nh\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u (Import-Export Staff) \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh l\u1eabn k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n s\u1eafp t\u1edbi, vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 tin h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 d\u00e0nh cho \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh logistics, ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p> T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p> \u2013 Nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 Incoterms, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p> \u2013 \u1ee8ng vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadt H\u1ea3i quan 2014 (s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i), c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh FTA, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m khai b\u00e1o h\u1ea3i quan VNACCS\/VCIS.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p> \u2013 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac STAR (Situation \u2013 Task \u2013 Action \u2013 Result) s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. Nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u1eeb gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. \u1ee8ng vi\u00ean n\u00ean chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 “B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa Incoterms FOB, CIF v\u00e0 EXW?” l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao h\u00e0ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf theo Ph\u00f2ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ICC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 “Quy tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng quan h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o?” y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u khai b\u00e1o tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng VNACCS\/VCIS \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 “B\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 C\/O (Certificate of Origin) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i C\/O n\u00e0o ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn?” nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a theo c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh EVFTA, RCEP, CPTPP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 “H\u00e3y li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u?” ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb bao g\u1ed3m Invoice, Packing List, Bill of Lading, Phytosanitary Certificate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Khi tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u00f3m c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean l\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong b\u00e0i t\u1eadp nh\u00f3m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee3t th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p logistics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u r\u1ea5t coi tr\u1ecdng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1ecb gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb sai l\u1ec7ch, hay \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i thay \u0111\u1ed5i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u00eam c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u1ea1i chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u – ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 “N\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1ecb h\u1ea3i quan gi\u1eef do nghi ng\u1edd khai sai m\u00e3 HS, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?” \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a theo Bi\u1ec3u thu\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u (Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 26\/2023\/N\u0110-CP).<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 “\u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thanh to\u00e1n L\/C nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng (discrepancy), b\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd ra sao?” ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 UCP 600 v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 “Container h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh 5 ng\u00e0y, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f2i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m g\u00ec?” y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1edbi m\u1ed7i c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m. C\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy logic v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p> L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p> \u2013 Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi chung chung ki\u1ec3u “t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft” m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n n\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p> \u2013 Tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c khi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh logistics, nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u sai s\u00f3t trong quy tr\u00ecnh khai b\u00e1o, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Maersk, DHL Supply Chain, hay Gemadept \u0111\u1ec1u \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n1. Nh\u00f3m c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
2. Nh\u00f3m c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n3. Nh\u00f3m c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n