{"id":18166,"date":"2026-04-17T14:57:50","date_gmt":"2026-04-17T07:57:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/?p=18166"},"modified":"2026-05-07T16:22:51","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T09:22:51","slug":"ham-or-trong-excel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/goc-ky-nang\/ham-or-trong-excel","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e0m OR trong Excel: C\u00fa ph\u00e1p chi ti\u1ebft, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p IF hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Trong nh\u00f3m h\u00e0m logic c\u1ee7a Excel, h\u00e0m OR<\/strong> \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ki\u1ec3m tra nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng l\u00fac v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 TRUE n\u1ebfu \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, k\u1ebf to\u00e1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y khi c\u1ea7n l\u1ecdc, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau ch\u00ed song song. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00fa ph\u00e1p, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ngay v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh v\u1ec1 h\u00e0m OR<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u2013 Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng: tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 TRUE n\u1ebfu B\u1ea4T K\u1ef2 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o trong danh s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3 FALSE.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u2013 C\u00fa ph\u00e1p: =OR(logical1, logical2, \u2026)<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u2013 S\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u0111a: 255 (Excel 2007 tr\u1edf l\u00ean).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u2013 Th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi IF, AND, NOT \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n C\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m OR r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: `=OR(logical1, [logical2], \u2026)`. Trong \u0111\u00f3, `logical1` l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, c\u00e1c `logical2`, `logical3`\u2026 l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn. M\u1ed7i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 TRUE ho\u1eb7c FALSE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Khi th\u1ef1c thi, Excel s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i sang ph\u1ea3i. N\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o TRUE, h\u00e0m d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 TRUE ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c (short-circuit evaluation). Ch\u1ec9 khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u FALSE, h\u00e0m m\u1edbi tr\u1ea3 FALSE. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i so v\u1edbi h\u00e0m AND \u2013 v\u1ed1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u T\u1ea4T C\u1ea2 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i TRUE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u \u00fd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: h\u00e0m OR kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1eef hoa\/th\u01b0\u1eddng khi so s\u00e1nh chu\u1ed7i; gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 FALSE, m\u1ecdi s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c 0 l\u00e0 TRUE; \u00f4 tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf qua, kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cH\u00e0m OR gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u2018ho\u1eb7c\u2019 trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y: n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang th\u00ec k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00fang. \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 h\u1eefu \u00edch khi l\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111a ti\u00eau ch\u00ed.\u201d \u2013 Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Excel Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 4 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a OR khi l\u1ed3ng trong AND v\u00e0 IF: b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc \u0111a t\u1ea7ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng VBA hay Power Query. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ki\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1t KPI theo nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau ch\u00ed khu v\u1ef1c + hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Qu\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng ngo\u1eb7c khi l\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0m \u2192 l\u1ed7i `#NAME?` ho\u1eb7c `#VALUE!`.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 D\u00f9ng d\u1ea5u ph\u1ea9y (`,`) thay v\u00ec ch\u1ea5m ph\u1ea9y (`;`) tr\u00ean m\u00e1y c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u2192 sai c\u00fa ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 So s\u00e1nh chu\u1ed7i c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng th\u1eeba \u2192 d\u00f9ng TRIM tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi so s\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Tr\u1ed9n ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (s\u1ed1 vs text) trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u2192 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sai b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u00eam c\u00e1c h\u00e0m Excel ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u00e0m trong Excel th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng d\u00e0nh cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u00e0m OR hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u2013 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0m logic kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng khi l\u1ed3ng h\u00e0m<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u2013 Excel cho ph\u00e9p l\u1ed3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a 64 c\u1ea5p h\u00e0m (t\u1eeb Excel 2007). N\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, n\u00ean t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u2013 Khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p OR + AND, lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t OR b\u00ean trong AND (ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i) ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t ngang h\u00e0ng \u2013 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u sai logic.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u2013 D\u00f9ng Evaluate Formula (Formulas \u2192 Evaluate Formula) \u0111\u1ec3 debug t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n OR + IF<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t: `=IF(OR(conditions), value_if_true, value_if_false)`. D\u00f9ng khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n ho\u1eb7c t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u201cho\u1eb7c\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n OR + AND + IF<\/strong> t\u1ea1o logic ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n: `=IF(AND(OR(A,B), C), X, Y)` \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201c(A ho\u1eb7c B) V\u00c0 C ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang th\u00ec m\u1edbi X\u201d. R\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ea5m c\u00f4ng, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i KPI, x\u00e9t duy\u1ec7t h\u1ed3 s\u01a1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n1. C\u00fa ph\u00e1p h\u00e0m OR trong Excel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
2. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u00e0m OR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng<\/th> C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c<\/th> Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/th><\/tr><\/thead> Ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c ph\u00f2ng Marketing HO\u1eb6C Sales<\/td> =OR(B2=\u201dMarketing\u201d, B2=\u201dSales\u201d)<\/td> TRUE n\u1ebfu \u00f4 B2 l\u00e0 \u201cMarketing\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cSales\u201d<\/td><\/tr> Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec3m \u2265 8 HO\u1eb6C c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9<\/td> =OR(C2>=8, D2=\u201dC\u00f3\u201d)<\/td> TRUE n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec3m \u2265 8 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed9t D ghi \u201cC\u00f3\u201d<\/td><\/tr> K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p IF: ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u201c\u0110\u1ea1t\u201d \/ \u201cCh\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t\u201d<\/td> =IF(OR(C2>=8, D2=\u201dC\u00f3\u201d), \u201c\u0110\u1ea1t\u201d, \u201cCh\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t\u201d)<\/td> N\u1ebfu \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang \u2192 \u201c\u0110\u1ea1t\u201d<\/td><\/tr> K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p AND: c\u1ea7n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1 HO\u1eb6C + th\u00eam 1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c<\/td> =IF(AND(OR(B2=\u201dHN\u201d,B2=\u201dHCM\u201d), C2>=5), \u201cOK\u201d, \u201cKO\u201d)<\/td> (\u1edf HN ho\u1eb7c HCM) V\u00c0 (\u0111i\u1ec3m \u2265 5) \u2192 \u201cOK\u201d<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n L\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi d\u00f9ng h\u00e0m OR<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
3. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00e0m OR v\u1edbi IF, AND, NOT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n