{"id":14420,"date":"2026-03-19T16:16:18","date_gmt":"2026-03-19T09:16:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/?p=14420"},"modified":"2026-05-28T12:16:02","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T05:16:02","slug":"cau-hoi-phong-van-business-analyst","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/phong-van-viec-lam\/cau-hoi-phong-van-business-analyst","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi Ph\u1ecfng V\u1ea5n Business Analyst: B\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ec1 \u00d4n Thi Th\u1ef1c Chi\u1ebfn"},"content":{"rendered":"
N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5, vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Business Analyst<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua. Nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m tra ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi stakeholder v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u2014 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n \u2013 Ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n BA th\u01b0\u1eddng chia 3 nh\u00f3m: ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n \u2013 Nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng hay h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 BRD, SRS, user story, Agile\/Scrum v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi stakeholder.<\/p>\n \u2013 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1eeb d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Business Analyst (BA) \u2014 hay Chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 \u2014 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung gian gi\u1eefa b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kinh doanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a BA l\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb stakeholder, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n Trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Agile hay Scrum, BA th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 vi\u1ebft user story, tham gia sprint planning v\u00e0 backlog grooming. \u1ede c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh waterfall truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, BA ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o BRD (Business Requirements Document) v\u00e0 SRS (Software Requirements Specification). D\u00f9 theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o, BA v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n “M\u1ed9t BA gi\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec stakeholder n\u00f3i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n \u2014 \u0111\u00f4i khi hai \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau.” \u2014 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong IIBA (International Institute of Business Analysis)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng xoay quanh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 BA s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n \u2013 \u0110\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u2014 h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n \u2013 N\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3 \u00e1n h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp case study.<\/p>\n \u2013 Tr\u00e1nh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi chung chung; nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1n nghe chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p k\u00e8m h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c c\u00e2u tr\u00ean, \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean c\u0169ng n\u00ean chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 gap analysis (ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch), stakeholder matrix v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u01b0u ti\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u (MoSCoW method). Nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n
<\/figure>\n1. Business Analyst l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/h2>\n
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2. Nh\u00f3m c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Business Analyst v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n<\/h2>\n
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\n \nC\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n<\/th>\n Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3m tra<\/th>\n G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n BRD v\u00e0 SRS kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/td>\n Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5<\/td>\n BRD m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 “business c\u1ea7n g\u00ec”, SRS m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 “h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec” \u2014 hai t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 hai \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n B\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft user story nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/td>\n K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng Agile\/Scrum<\/td>\n D\u00f9ng format: “As a [user], I want [goal] so that [reason]” \u2014 k\u00e8m acceptance criteria r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa Agile v\u00e0 Waterfall<\/td>\n Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/td>\n Agile linh ho\u1ea1t, l\u1eb7p v\u00f2ng (sprint); Waterfall tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, c\u1ee9ng \u2014 ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00f9y quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Use case diagram l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Khi n\u00e0o d\u00f9ng?<\/td>\n M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5<\/td>\n D\u00f9ng UML use case \u0111\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa actor v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n CBAP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0o li\u00ean quan?<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n<\/td>\n CBAP (Certified Business Analysis Professional) do IIBA c\u1ea5p \u2014 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 uy t\u00edn nh\u1ea5t ng\u00e0nh BA; ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f3 CCBA, PMI-PBA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n