{"id":14334,"date":"2026-03-17T14:29:44","date_gmt":"2026-03-17T07:29:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/?p=14334"},"modified":"2026-05-28T12:16:25","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T05:16:25","slug":"burnout-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/tu-van-nghe-nghiep\/burnout-la-gi","title":{"rendered":"Burnout l\u00e0 g\u00ec? D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t. Burnout<\/strong> \u2014 hay ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p \u2014 l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO) ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn trong B\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ICD-11 n\u0103m 2019, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

\"Burnout<\/figure>\n
\n

T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh v\u1ec1 Burnout<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 Burnout \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c WHO \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ICD-11 (2019) l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng do c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e3n t\u00ednh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Ba chi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh: ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0i nghi\/xa c\u00e1ch, v\u00e0 suy gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Gallup (2023) cho th\u1ea5y 76% nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tr\u1ea3i qua burnout \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i n\u1ebfu nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft s\u1edbm v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

1. Burnout l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y?<\/h2>\n

Burnout<\/strong> (ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p) l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e3n t\u00ednh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 Herbert Freudenberger \u0111\u1eb7t ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1974, khi \u00f4ng quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf d\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t \u0111i \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft sau th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 s\u1ee9c. Sau \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Christina Maslach (\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California, Berkeley) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thang \u0111o Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) \u2014 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Theo WHO, burnout kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd y t\u1ebf m\u00e0 l\u00e0 “hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p” (occupational phenomenon) v\u1edbi ba \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng: c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gia t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch tinh th\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 burnout kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m hay c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u2014 n\u00f3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Burnout kh\u00e1c stress nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa stress (c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng) v\u00e0 burnout, nh\u01b0ng hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Stress th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m khi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c qua \u0111i. Burnout ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e3n t\u00ednh \u2014 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb burnout kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea5t \u0111i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/th>\nStress (C\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng)<\/th>\nBurnout (Ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Th\u1eddi gian<\/td>\nNg\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qua \u0111i<\/td>\nM\u00e3n t\u00ednh, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ea7n\/th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1ea3m x\u00fac ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/td>\nLo l\u1eafng, h\u1ed3i h\u1ed9p<\/td>\nTr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, v\u00f4 c\u1ea3m, ho\u00e0i nghi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/td>\nV\u1eabn mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i<\/td>\nM\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n quan t\u00e2m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i<\/td>\nNgh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n<\/td>\nNgh\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t<\/td>\n\u0110au \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi<\/td>\nSuy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, b\u1ec7nh m\u00e3n t\u00ednh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

2. D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft burnout s\u1edbm<\/h2>\n

Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft burnout \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1edbm l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 can thi\u1ec7p k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n theo t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u2014 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ban \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3n t\u00ednh khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n T\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc Ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (EAOHP) m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ba nh\u00f3m tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n theo d\u00f5i. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u2014 burnout c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m r\u1ed3i lan sang c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1edbm. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u00e0m b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00ec nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ebfn khi nh\u1eadn ra th\u00ec t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c m\u00e3n t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t:<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb burnout th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1ea5c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u2013 H\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch suy y\u1ebfu khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd d\u1ec5 \u1ed1m v\u1eb7t h\u01a1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e3n t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ti\u00eau h\u00f3a k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u2014 kh\u00f3 \u0111i v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9c d\u1eady v\u1eabn c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n\n

Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd:<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a khi \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1eebng y\u00eau th\u00edch.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0i nghi, xa c\u00e1ch v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u2014 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng nh\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t burnout v\u1edbi stress th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh d\u00f9 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n

Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng h\u00e0nh vi:<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u2013 N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp ho\u1eb7c giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

\u2013 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9, u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u bia nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n

\n

“Burnout kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t \u2014 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ranh gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.” \u2014 Christina Maslach, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California, Berkeley<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 Burnout khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c can thi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng \u2014 c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u00ean gia t\u00e2m l\u00fd n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tr\u00ean 2 tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n burnout d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n \u2014 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 ba nh\u00f3m tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng (th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, h\u00e0nh vi).<\/p>\n

\u2013 Theo B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam 2019 (\u0110i\u1ec1u 140), ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u1ebfu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

3. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra burnout trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng s\u1edf<\/h2>\n

Burnout \u00edt khi xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc Christina Maslach x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 burnout, bao g\u1ed3m: kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. Khi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, nguy c\u01a1 ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/a><\/em><\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u00e1p l\u1ef1c burnout cao do ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eabn v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t:<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u2013 Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Thi\u1ebfu quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 \u2014 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i trong c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

\u2013 V\u0103n h\u00f3a “always-on” (lu\u00f4n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i) khi\u1ebfn ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb x\u00f3a m\u1edd.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

\u2013 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u1edbi xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, thi\u1ebfu tin t\u01b0\u1edfng, ho\u1eb7c v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o (perfectionism), kh\u00f3 n\u00f3i “kh\u00f4ng” v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00eam vi\u1ec7c, ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 burnout \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 burnout cao h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh theo kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ILO) t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1.<\/p>\n

4. C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kh\u1ecfi burnout hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/h2>\n

Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba burnout \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u1edf c\u1ea3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u1eabn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang t\u00edch t\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e3n t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/h3>\n

\u2013 Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ranh gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa gi\u1edd l\u00e0m v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u2014 t\u1eaft th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o email\/Slack sau gi\u1edd l\u00e0m l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (energy recovery) theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Jim Loehr \u2014 xen k\u1ebd giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp trung v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng ngh\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n

\u2013 D\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u2014 th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ho\u1eb7c s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u2014 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 30 ph\u00fat m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u2013 H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i “kh\u00f4ng” v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n

\u2013 T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb chuy\u00ean gia t\u00e2m l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c coach ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n

\u2013 Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Employee Assistance Program (EAP) \u2014 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u2014 m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111a qu\u1ed1c gia \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

\u2013 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn (recognition culture) trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p trung v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u burnout s\u1edbm trong \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

\n

L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n “b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra burnout” \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng Maslach Burnout Inventory (phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n r\u00fat g\u1ecdn c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn) \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

\u2013 N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c 27\/54 \u0111i\u1ec3m trong thang MBI, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u2014 \u0111\u1eebng ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn khi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Chia s\u1ebb t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn HR \u2014 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

5. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n

1. Burnout c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 kh\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng hay c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb?<\/em><\/strong> Burnout \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i, thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f3i quen l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ranh gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tr\u00ean 2-4 tu\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u thuy\u00ean gi\u1ea3m, c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u00ean gia t\u00e2m l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

2. Burnout c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fd do h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng?<\/em><\/strong> Burnout l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c, h\u00e3y th\u1eed trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vai tr\u00f2, ho\u1eb7c xin ngh\u1ec9 ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. \u0110\u00f4i khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f2ng ban trong c\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

3. L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t burnout v\u1edbi tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m?<\/em><\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh: burnout g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u2014 khi r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c (k\u1ef3 ngh\u1ec9 d\u00e0i), ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb burnout th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n d\u00f9 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1eadm. Tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc, h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o chuy\u00ean gia t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u2014 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1ef1 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 burnout<\/strong> \u2014 ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p \u2014 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe tinh th\u1ea7n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean khi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n s\u1edbm, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ranh gi\u1edbi l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u00e0 ba h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Minh An<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung trong b\u00e0i mang t\u00ednh tham kh\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed5ng quan; c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, kinh nghi\u1ec7m, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Burnout l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng s\u1edf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":14381,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[93],"class_list":["post-14334","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-van-nghe-nghiep","tag-xu-huong-cong-so"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14334","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14334"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14334\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16911,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14334\/revisions\/16911"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14381"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14334"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14334"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14334"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}