{"id":13349,"date":"2026-02-25T16:09:03","date_gmt":"2026-02-25T09:09:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/?p=13349"},"modified":"2026-05-28T12:21:22","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T05:21:22","slug":"co-nen-hoc-nganh-an-ninh-mang-hay-khong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mb668s.com\/cam-nang-7mb66-xoc-dia\/tu-van-nghe-nghiep\/co-nen-hoc-nganh-an-ninh-mang-hay-khong","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3 N\u00ean H\u1ecdc Ng\u00e0nh An Ninh M\u1ea1ng Hay Kh\u00f4ng? Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch C\u01a1 H\u1ed9i V\u00e0 Th\u00e1ch Th\u1ee9c"},"content":{"rendered":"
Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tinh vi v\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn. Ri\u00eang n\u0103m 2024, h\u01a1n 659.000 v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u01a1 quan, doanh nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn. Con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: c\u00f3 n\u00ean h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0nh an ninh m\u1ea1ng hay kh\u00f4ng<\/strong> khi nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c t\u0103ng nhanh nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00e1ch quan \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2013 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t kho\u1ea3ng 700.000 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 an ninh m\u1ea1ng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2025\u20132027 (theo Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i An ninh m\u1ea1ng qu\u1ed1c gia)<\/p>\n \u2013 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o 4 n\u0103m t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (CompTIA Security+, CEH, CISSP) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh<\/p>\n \u2013 Thu nh\u1eadp ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kinh nghi\u1ec7m, ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u2014 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb 10 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean 50 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n<\/div>\n An ninh m\u1ea1ng (Cybersecurity) l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u1ea1ng, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean g\u1ecdi: An to\u00e0n th\u00f4ng tin, An ninh m\u1ea1ng, An to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1 \u2014 t\u00f9y tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n Hai n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u, sinh vi\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. C\u00e1c m\u00f4n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c bao g\u1ed3m to\u00e1n r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i thu\u1eadt, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua v\u00ec an ninh m\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u2014 mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ra sao.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i ra, sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: Python, C\/C++, Java. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c, vi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n T\u1eeb n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 an ninh m\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c m\u00f4n chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh chia th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh: nh\u00f3m l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt (m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1ecdc, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng an to\u00e0n) v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u2014 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 (ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c, ph\u00e1p y s\u1ed1). S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap sinh vi\u00ean s\u1edbm nh\u1eadn ra m\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n \u2013 M\u00f4n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1ecdc (Cryptography) trang b\u1ecb cho sinh vi\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u2014 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/p>\n \u2013 Nh\u00f3m m\u00f4n an ninh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda (firewall), tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp (IDS\/IPS), c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh VPN v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng an to\u00e0n<\/p>\n \u2013 M\u00f4n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp (Penetration Testing) d\u1ea1y sinh vi\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tin t\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n \u2013 M\u00f4n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c (Malware Analysis) cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ecbch ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang<\/p>\n \u2013 M\u00f4n ph\u00e1p y s\u1ed1 (Digital Forensics) t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 an ninh m\u1ea1ng<\/p>\n \u2013 M\u00f4n an to\u00e0n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web gi\u00fap sinh vi\u00ean ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 SQL Injection, XSS, CSRF theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n OWASP<\/p>\n An ninh m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 “ch\u1ed1ng hack.” \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa t\u01b0 duy k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro \u2014 ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u00e1y n\u00e0o thay th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 n\u00ean h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0nh an ninh m\u1ea1ng hay kh\u00f4ng<\/strong>, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm b\u1ee9c tranh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 cung \u2014 c\u1ea7u nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n Theo kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i An ninh m\u1ea1ng qu\u1ed1c gia (NCA) cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2024, kho\u1ea3ng 47,72% c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 an ninh m\u1ea1ng. D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2025\u20132027, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung h\u01a1n 700.000 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n Con s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u1ea3 nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1eabn \u00e1p l\u1ef1c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. Lu\u1eadt An ninh m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 24\/2018\/QH14 c\u00f9ng Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 53\/2022\/N\u0110-CP \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin. Lu\u1eadt An to\u00e0n th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 86\/2015\/QH13 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 theo c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1ea1o ra nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n
<\/figure>\n1. Ng\u00e0nh an ninh m\u1ea1ng h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n
Kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng<\/h3>\n
Kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh<\/h3>\n
\n
2. Nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n
Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u1edf quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h3>\n